Islām al-kāfir fī ḥāl al-juṭba: sobre la conversión de los “infieles” al Islam durante el sermón del viernes en el Egipto mameluco

Linda G. Jones

doi:10.3989/aem.2012.42.1.03

Autores/as

Linda G. Jones Universitat Pompeu Fabra

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/aem.2012.42.1.03

Palabras clave:

Juṭba del viernes, Ibn al-Ḥaŷŷ al-‘Abdarī, mamelucos, Egipto mameluco, bid‘a (innovaciones religiosas), conversión al islam, relaciones entre musulmanes y cristianos

Resumen

Ibn al-Ḥaŷŷ al-‘Abdarī, un jurista malikí en el Cairo mameluco, denunció una “innovación religiosa” (bid‘a) que se extendió en el Egipto del siglo XIV. Los “infieles” interrumpían el sermón del viernes, aparentemente, para proclamar o reiterar su conversión al Islam ante la congregación. Ibn al-Ḥaŷŷ instó a los predicadores a no tolerar dichas interrupciones bajo ninguna circunstancia –postura que parece contradecir a la política impuesta por los mamelucos de forzar la conversión de los infieles, sobre todo de los procedentes de la comunidad copta. Los argumentos legales de Ibn al-Ḥaŷŷ arrojan nueva luz sobre el papel, hasta entonces ignorado por los estudiosos, del sermón del viernes en la conversión al islam. El artículo analiza las bases jurídicas de la oposición manifestada por Ibn al-Ḥaŷŷ hacia esta práctica, explica los posibles motivos que indujeron a los conversos a interrumpir el sermón islámico y relaciona este fenómeno con el contexto histórico de las tensas relaciones entre musulmanes y cristianos en el Egipto mameluco.

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